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Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic weekly update for Malvern Seniors

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24th July 2022

Triangular arrowTHE PRESENT WAVE OF CASES AND HOSPITALISATIONS MAY HAVE PEAKED

Monkeypox news

Preamble

For more than two years we have been keeping an eye on the published government figures and monitoring the media to asses the likely level of risk for Seniors in the Malvern Hills district and providing links to where further information could be found.

During the epidemic Public Health England was split into the UK Health Security Agency and Office for Health Improvements and Disparities. However for simplicity, in this blog, we have continued to refer to this as PHE data.

Testing has been run down and the public can no longer record the result of Lateral Flow tests so the daily cases reported on the Coronavirus Dashboard greatly underestimate the actual situation, and so we have deleted our section on testing; this can however be found on archived pages.

The only remaining sources of data indicating direction of travel are:

  • The ONS infection survey

  • Registered deaths (ONS, NHS)

  • NHS hospital bed occupancy, and

  • The Zoe Health Study

Now the epidemic is largely over the numbers are of less importance, but we'll carry on with our blog for a little while longer. This page will continue to be updated each weekend using Friday's data, nominally with Sunday's date.

Contents

Summary

How to get vaccinated

More about vaccinations

Number of cases

Number of deaths

Healthcare numbers

Forecast for the week ahead

Longer term outlook

Advice for seniors

Annex/commentary

Summary of links

Menu of archived pages

Summary

The current wave of COVID-19 caused by the Omicron BA.5 variant, which the Wuhan vaccines rarely stop us catching, appears to have peaked so a gradual decline in cases and the number of patients in hospital can be expected.

As a result of the sheer number of COVID-19 infections, (ONS) weekly deaths in England and Wales can be expected to creep up to between 500 and 750 in the next fortnight and then subside. Exactly what happens will depend on the effectiveness of the Spring Boosters.

That's nothing to be concerned about at present - because of the vaccines, the number of patients on ventilators and deaths is only 4% of that during the worst of the epidemic.

There is still a fair chance many of us will catch COVID-19 in coming weeks despite being fully vaccinated for the original Wuhan strain. The hard truth is, with regard to catching the disease, the virus has largely mutated to evade both the Wuhan vaccines and protection conferred by previous infections.

According to an Australian source, 28 days after recovering from COVID you may catch it again.

Click for article - how soon can I get COVID again

The lucky may either show few symptoms or have a mild fever, sore throat, general aches and pains, and quickly get over it; but others could feel quite poorly and spend a few days in bed, with it taking five to ten days or so to recover. Many of those who have caught COVID report getting easily tired for some weeks afterwards.

We are told very few of those infected with Omicron are admitted to hospital.

Any precautions to take are now a personal decision; see our advice.

To reduce the likelyhood of hospitalisation amongst the most vulnerable, a second COVID-19 booster jab has been available to Seniors aged 75+ years known as the Spring Booster. UKHSA recommends everyone eligible should get it, but the Coronavirus Dashboard figures suggests about 20% of those aged 75+ in England have yet to step forward, if the vaccine hesitant are taken into account.

Some surgeries are offering the Spring Booster, but if not you can still get it at the Three Counties Showground vaccination centre (use brown gate).

Click for information about Walk-In Clinics

Click for information about the Spring Booster

Click to view our advice

Click for Worcestershire Dashboard and associated links

The government says there will be an Autumn booster programme for those aged 50+ years; this will be a phased roll out of both COVID and Flu jabs; details to follow.

Click for government press release - Health and Social Care Secretary accepts JCVI advice on autumn booster programme

Note: following Sajid Javid's resignation, Stephen Barclay is now Health Secretary.

Monkeypox update

Outbreaks of Monkeypox have been detected in Europe and the UK. It's a serious and now a notifiable disease. Click below for European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control factsheet:-

Factsheet for health professionals on Monkeypox

AP News reports the WHO has declared this a global emergency.

UN health agency chief declares monkeypox a global emergency

As of 18th July 2022, there were 2,137 confirmed cases in the UK.

This compares to 1,856 cases on 14th July, an increase of about 70 cases per day.

The number of daily cases is increasing slightly, but should be shrinking were the outbreak being brought under control. Scientists don't yet know why the disease has begun to spread.

The overwhelming majority of cases are said to be in men who have sex with men, and 75% of cases have been in London.

Click link: Monkeypox cases confirmed in England - latest UKHSA update

The good news for Seniors is that vaccination for Smallpox, which we mostly had as children, should give protection from Monkeypox.

How to get vaccinated for COVID-19

Note: by now we expect most Seniors are fully vaccinated and if so you can skip this section.

COVID has mutated so the original Wuhan vaccines do not stop the disease being passed on to someone else.

The purpose of vaccination is now to prevent severe illness, which results in hospitalisation, and death.

Children aged 5 - 11 years can be offered the vaccine, though only 10% or so have had a first dose in England. This may be because either they have been recently infected or their parents are not keen.

All those aged 16+ years can book a booster 3 months after their second dose.

Click NHS link - Who can get a coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine

For information about walk-in centres in Worcestershire go to the website:

www.swhealthcare.org.uk

and click the Vaccine Rollout tab at the top of the page.

Click for information about vaccination at the Three Counties Showground

Otherwise either see the NHS website for walk-in opening times and vaccine availability:

www.nhs.uk/grab-a-jab

Or click this link for more information and to book a vaccination on-line:

Book a Coronavirus vaccination - NHS (www.nhs.uk)

Or talk to your GP.

More about vaccinations

Vaccinometer

 Our bar chart below shows the total number of:

  1. first jabs;

  2. second jabs;

  3. first boosters and third jabs;

  4. for comparison, the population of the UK broken down by age band.

 

COVID vaccination bar chart

Vaccinometer as of 8th April 2022

People are still coming forward to be vaccinated, but the rate is so slow expect to see little change to this chart during 2022.

Vaccination statistics are now of little relevance but can be found on the Vaccination tab of the Coronavirus Dashboard.

What's more important is that those who have chosen to be vaccinated get their booster jabs.

First booster jabs

Last Christmas, all adults were offered a third jab (or booster) to reduce the likelyhood of hospitalisation after being infected by the Omicron variant of COVID-19.

Spring booster jabs for Seniors

Those aged 75+ are eligible for a second (Spring) booster which ideally should be 6 months after the first booster.

If you have COVID you must wait at least 28 days after infection before getting the jab.

You should be contacted by the NHS and invited to book your spring booster when it's due - our invitation came by email followed a week later by a letter. Try to book an appointment around 6 months after your last dose to get the best protection from your Spring Booster (check the date on your vaccination card).

New Court Surgery is currently not offering Spring Boosters so you may have to book your booster at a mass vaccination centre, such as the Three Counties Showground, either on-line or by phoning 119.

There are also walk-in appointments at the Three Counties Showground (see links in 'how to get vaccinated section' for days and times). Clinics may be suspended during large events.

Click to book a Coronavirus vaccination - NHS (www.nhs.uk)

Click for NHS England COVID-19 Vaccination statistics

Protection against hospitalisation

After 3 months the Wuhan vaccines seem to give little protection from catching the Omicron variants of COVID-19 but importantly they are said to protect from going on to develop severe illness and admittance to hospital.

The UKHSA COVID-19 vaccine surveillance reports indicate the effectiveness of the vaccines against earlier variants - four months or so after a third dose vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation fell to about 80%, suggesting Seniors had been roughly 5 times less likely to go into hospital compared to an unvaccinated person.

Note: there has been insufficient time to gather reliable data on the Spring Booster and the latest variants BA.4 and BA.5, so for example, the protection offered against hospitalisation by BA.5 after a Spring booster is largely unknown.

Effectiveness against mortality

After a Booster the relative risk of death seems to be reduced by a factor of between 5 and 10.

Most people who die are aged 85+ years and most are fully vaccinated; this simply reflects that most of those who die are elderly, most of the elderly population is vaccinated, and the vaccines are not 100% effective.

Here is a link to the latest report so you can make up your own mind about the effectiveness of the vaccines.

Click for UKHSA COVID-19 vaccine surveillance report Week 27, 7th July 2022

Note: the next report will be in a months time, on 4th August 2022.

Vaccinations Worldwide

A chart of the worldwide vaccination situation can be found on the Our World in Data website.

Click for worldwide statistics

Hint: click the country list on the left hand side of the screen to add or remove countries from the chart.

Orange triangleNumber of cases

There are now three sources reporting the prevalence of COVID-19 in the UK.

  • The ONS which conducts a weekly random survey by collecting nose and throat swabs from the public for PCR tests, and analysis for variants.

  • The ZOE Health Study, whereby participating members of the public log their symptoms, tests and vaccines.

  • PHE data gathered from PCR testing, mostly in hospitals, which underestimate infections by a factor of 6 or so.

ONS infection survey

ONS estimate that 3,147,700 people in England had COVID-19 in the week ending 13th July; 10% more than last week compared to an 33% rise the week before that.

Click for Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection Survey, UK: 15th July 2022

Date published Prevalence (England) Ratio of people with COVID
15th July 2022 2,873,600 1:19
22nd July 2022 3,147,700 1:17

Prevalence of COVID-19 in England estimated by ONS

In Scotland 1:15 are infected, while in NI cases have begun falling.

Zoe Health Study

The ZOE Health Study figures are shown in the following table.

  Prevalence (UK) Estimated new infections per day
Last week 4,556,818 345,865
This week
4,540,836  285,834

Prevalence of COVID-19 in UK estimated by Zoe Health Study

According to the more up-to-date Zoe figures prevalence in the UK is about the same as last week but daily cases fell by 17% suggesting the current wave of infections may have peaked in England.

Numbers testing COVID positive in Worcestershire (PHE)

Note: this section has been deleted due to COVID testing being run down in the UK; figures can still be found on the Worcestershire Coronavirus dashboard - but these greatly underestimate the true number of infections. The direction of travel in Malvern was up but is now down.

Click for Worcestershire Coronavirus Dashboard

Directional arrowNumber of deaths

Statistics on COVID deaths are published by Public Health England, The Office of National Statistics, and NHS England. These can't be directly compared as  they cover different periods, but together the figures paint a picture of the direction of travel - which is that COVID weekly deaths are rising tracking the increase in cases, delayed by 2 weeks or so.

PHE figures

The Dashboard chart of COVID (28) deaths, following a positive test, by date of death shows that the 7 day average peaked in England at 240 deaths per day about 10th April; and fell to a minimum of 40 about 10th June. By 11th July deaths had risen to 133 per day an increase of 33% on the previous week.

This is the most up-to-date indicator of the direction of travel of daily deaths. Note that some of the deaths reported by PHE will be people who die with COVID but not from it.

Click to view the UK government Coronavirus Dashboard

ONS figures

The Office of National Statistics (ONS) reports registered deaths in England and Wales where COVID-19 is mentioned somewhere on the death certificate. The ONS figures lag the PHE figures by 10 - 14 days and do not include Northern Ireland and Scotland.

Note: the figures include cases where COVID may have been a secondary cause of death.

Click for national ONS data on deaths (Excel spreadsheet)

The ONS figures are broken down by District providing a glimpse of where deaths are occurring. The provisional cumulative total of COVID related deaths in Worcestershire reported by the ONS up to 8th July (week 27 of 2022) is shown below.

Note: the numbers are from summation of rows 9 to 339 of the ONS Death Registrations-Pivot table, which gives the provisional total of deaths reported in any week, which can be distorted by delayed reporting over public holidays.

Deaths by 'date of death' is a more accurate metric but takes longer to be confirmed.

Districts of
Worcs
Deaths
2020
Deaths
2021
Deaths
2022
Week 27 Population
Bromsgrove 164 142 41 1 98,529
Malvern Hills 61 98 49 0 77,545
Redditch 108 109 30 0 85,317
Worcester 87 134 33 1 103,542
Wychavon 157 154 53 1 126,240
Wyre Forest 171 132 43 1 100,957
TOTAL 748 769 249 4 592,130

Provisional cumulative COVID-19 deaths in Worcestershire registered by ONS to 8th July 2022

There was 1 death in hospital in Bromsgrove; 1 death in hospital in the city of Worcester; 1 death at home in Wychavon; and 1 death in a care home in Wyre Forest.

In England and Wales 421 COVID-19 related deaths were reported in the week to 8th July, 92 more than the week before and a rise of 28%. Of these 55 were in a care home, 40 at home, 12 in a hospice, 312 in hospital and 2 elsewhere.

So far this year in England and Wales 21,032 people have died with COVID mentioned on their death certificate.

Chart of ONS deaths

ONS provisional deaths 'by week reported' in England and Wales 2022

Note: the steps in the chart above in weeks 18 and 22 were probably due to delayed reporting over the Easter, Mayday and Jubilee holidays.

The chart shows waves of deaths from new variants are gradually reducing in height.

The figures on the Coronavirus Dashboard of ONS deaths by date on the death certificate shows ONS England deaths peaked at 160 deaths per day on 8th April, dipped to 25 about 10th June, then increasing to 44 by 17th June (seven day average). A 33% increase on the previous week.

In comparison averaged over recent years 1,700 people die daily from all causes in the UK, so COVID deaths in England now represent about 3% of UK deaths.

Click for ONS Coronavirus (COVID-19) latest insights: Deaths

Note: deaths reported by ONS are lower than those reported by PHE and there are two reasons for this. First the PHE figures include people who die with COVID but not from it. Second the ONS figures lag behind real time, so when the death rate is rising ONS under reports the true picture.

NHS England figures for Worcestershire

The table below shows the latest COVID deaths in Worcestershire hospitals reported by NHS England on 21st July 2022.

Worcestershire Cumulative deaths Past week
Acute hospitals 1,123 6
Care hospitals 75 1
TOTAL 1,198 7

Excludes deaths in care homes, deaths at home and deaths in hospices.

Click for NHS COVID-19 total announced deaths

Look for COVID Total announced deaths file, then select tab Deaths by Trust.

Note: NHS say all deaths are recorded against the date of death rather than the date the deaths were announced. As from 1st July 2022 reporting has moved to publication once per week on a Thursday, rather than every weekday.

Risk of COVID-19 death by age band

NHS England provides an analysis of COVID-19 deaths in hospital in England and Wales by age band. Shown below is a snapshot of 2,898 recent deaths for the period 6th May 2022 to 6th July 2022 when most of these deaths will have been from the Omicron variants.

Age band Number of COVID deaths % of deaths
0 - 19 8 0.3
20 - 39 25 0.9
40 - 59 165 5.7
60 - 79 1,010 34.9
80+ 1,692 58.4

Relative risk of COVID-19 death by age band May - July 2022

The main point to note is those aged 60+ still account for 93% of deaths despite young people being more likely to catch COVID-19.

The risk profile for Omicron appears to be the same as for Delta. Age is the greatest risk factor.

triangleHealthcare numbers

The UK government Coronavirus Dashboard includes information about healthcare statistics and NHS bed occupancy.

Hospital COVID cases (England) Number Change in last week
Patients currently in hospital 13,545 -196
Patients on ventilation 287 +12
Patients admitted daily 1,719 -142

Headline summary of patients in hospital reported on 20th July 2022

The figures suggest the current wave of infections has reached a peak and may be beginning to fall.

A point to note is that, despite cases being very high, the number of patients on ventilators is relatively small; at the peak of the epidemic about 4,000 patients were on ventilators.

The majority of those admitted to hospital with COVID are elderly.

Roughly half are being treated for COVID, and the remainder being treated for another condition with COVID.

Bed numbers by region in England

Tabulated figures for COVID bed occupancy in England can be found on the NHS England website and are another indicator of direction of travel:

Click for NHS England COVID-19 Hospital bed Activity statistics

Note: see the latest Daily Admissions and Beds spreadsheets, then look for all COVID beds.

Region 15th July 2022 21st July 2022 15th January 2021
England 13,975 13,375 33,362
London 2,295 2,323 7,811
Midlands 2,827 2,620 5,890

Comparison of All beds COVID data for England, London and Midlands

There are now more people occupying COVID hospital beds than when the government declared the COVID emergency over on 19th July 2021.

In the last week the number of COVID-19 General and Acute beds fell by 4% in England, rose by 1% in London and fell by 7% in the Midlands.

This suggests the current wave of the COVD-19 BA.5 variant may have peaked and if so bed occupancy should fall next week.

For comparison, the number of beds occupied during the peak of the epidemic in January 2021 is shown in red in the right hand column of the table.

Green triangleWorcestershire hospital beds

Between 11 July 2022 and 17 July 2022, 87 patients went into hospital with coronavirus. This shows a decrease of 23% compared to the previous 7 days. There were 124 patients in hospital with coronavirus on 19 July 2022 an increase of 8 on the previous week, of which 2 are on a ventilator.

Click for Summary of Malvern numbers on the Coronavirus dashboard

This link also reports deaths.

Deaths in Malvern Hills

Between 9 July 2022 and 15 July 2022, there was 1 death within 28 days of a positive coronavirus test.

Forecast for the week ahead

The number of COVID related deaths in England and Wales (as registered by ONS) may increase by about 500  in Week 28 ending 15th July, to be reported on 26th July.

In the county of Worcestershire, based on 84 new hospital cases last week and assuming the ratio of deaths to be 1:11 of admissions, then there should be no more than 8 COVID deaths per week in the middle of August.

We expect NHS COVID bed occupancy to fall in England next week as the current wave of infection begins to subside.

Longer term outlook

Theoretically we were supposed to have entered the endemic stage of the disease with a high background level of infection, falling in the summer as more time is spent outdoors, and then rising  in  the winter. In the absence of safety measures, this model seems not to work for the latest variants of COVID-19.

Emerging factors are new variants against which the vaccines offer increasingly less protection; vaccinations waning in effectiveness; booster shots; overseas travel during school holidays; and super-spreader events such as summer music festivals; so it has become almost impossible for computer models to predict what happens next.

We are already in early summer and instead of cases falling they have been rising. Cases could dip a little in August and September as we gradually emerge from the BA.5 wave before rising again in October/November when more time is spent indoors with the windows shut.

The Omicron BA.1 variant became predominant in New Year 2022, followed by BA.2 and now BA.5 causing 3 waves of COVID so far, and there may be more ripples to come as the virus evolves.

About 4% of those infected could suffer from symptoms of Long COVID. Long COVID caused by previous variants, such as Delta, could be extremely debilitating, but thankfully most cases attributable to Omicron are said to resolve in between 4 and 12 weeks.

After dipping to about 200 deaths per week, ONS deaths have been rising tracking hospital admissions delayed by two weeks or so.

The England and Wales ONS death rate is already 421 deaths per week and could rise proportionally towards 750 COVID deaths per week in early August; but the peak could be a little lower due to the Spring Booster programme. Then in a couple of weeks or so we should see the death rate begin to fall as infections drop.

The value of having annual COVID vaccinations, as with Flu, is being questioned given the virus is so widespread and changing so fast. Unless there is a new vaccine capable of combatting different variants, it may be, as with the common cold, that we have to soldier on with occasional repeat infections and no cure.

Most members of the British public appear reluctant to wear face masks, so there could be value in health professionals and engineers looking to improve ventilation in all workplaces and public buildings in order to reduce the circulation of respiratory diseases. This would cost money so is unlikely to happen to any great extent; but one might hope for improvements to be designed into new systems.

Cases of Influenza A are beginning to rise in Australia, which points to the possibility of a significant outbreak of Influenza in the UK in the winter. Because of lockdowns there hasn't been much Influenza for two years and the immunity of the population may have dipped. Catching Influenza and COVID at the same time could be bad news so don't forget your Flu jab in September/October.

Click for NHS Guidance - National flu immunisation programme 2022 to 2023 letter updated 22 April 2022

Barring new variants resulting in higher mortality, the bottom line is that there could be a lot of COVID around for months but because of the vaccines relatively few people are likely to die and for most there should be little to worry about, apart from either having to take time off work or missing a holiday.

It seems to us that providing UK COVID deaths remain below 700 per week, it is unlikely the public and government will be concerned.

Advice for SeniorsCOVID risk medium

The risk of exposure to COVID-19 remains HIGH in the UK and many European countries and this situation could continue for some months.

See our riskometer opposite.

During this period of high prevalence, it is likely that, despite being fully vaccinated, many Seniors will at some time or other become ill with COVID-19.

How this affects us will depend on any previous exposure to the virus, and vaccines giving protection from severe illness.

Those most at risk are said to include:

  •  Seniors aged 75+ years who have not been fully vaccinated;

  • Seniors aged 75+ whose first booster is waning;

  • Pregnant women who have not been vaccinated.

In the last month there have been no more than 14 COVID related deaths per week in Worcestershire which has a population of 600,000 so we currently estimate the risk of death for fully vaccinated Seniors to be less than 1% per year which we judge LOW while the risk of Long COVID is a little higher.

Currently the chance of Seniors being hospitalised with COVID-19 in any period of 12 months is less than 4% which we judge moderately LOW.

Many people are now taking the view that COVID is no longer a critical threat to their health.

For the more cautious the simple safeguards to remember are to:

  • make sure your COVID vaccinations are fully up to date - you must have a Booster to obtain significant protection from hospitalisation and death, and if that was more than 6 months ago, desirably a Spring Booster.

  • wash your HANDS thoroughly, using soap and hot water, for 20 seconds, including after handling deliveries to your home, to kill virus picked up from contaminated surfaces (see note 1);

  • when infection rates are high, ideally wear either a well fitting FACE covering,  or better an FFP2 face mask when in crowded settings for example when in shops, theatres, health-care settings, and when using public transport;

  • SPACE at least 2 metres from people you don't feel safe with (see note 2);

  • preferably socialise with friends and other households outdoors in the FRESH AIR else, if you are indoors, either ventilate by keeping windows open as far as is practicable or consider putting a HEPA air purifier in the room, which could also help with hay fever;

  • avoid crowded indoor settings;

  • avoid friends and colleagues with cold and flu like symptoms;

  • ideally self-isolate for 5 to 10 days to protect others if you feel unwell with cold or flu like symptoms; according to the Zoe COVID Study the current top five COVID symptoms are runny nose, headache, sore throat, tiredness, and sneezing which may be difficult to distinguish from a common cold (see notes 3 and 4);

  • respect others and give them space;

  • looking further ahead, don't forget to get your annual Flu jab when it next becomes available; that is usually sometime in September/October.

 Notes:

1) Wash your hands thoroughly before touching your face to avoid transferring virus from contaminated surfaces to your mouth, eyes and nose. If outdoors, wash hands with an alcohol based hand gel.

2) Two metres is further than you think - roughly an arm and a walking stick away.

3) The Zoe Health Study people suggest that if you have symptoms of a common cold there is a chance you might have COVID.

4) If you are 'clinically vulnerable' consult your GP or specialist; you may need to take a test and consider anti viral drugs if testing positive.

5) However careful you are, don't be too surprised if you catch COVID as the Omicron variants are highly infectious and the Wuhan vaccines give little protection against transmission and infection (although they do reduce the severity of symptoms).

Annex

Commentary

During the epidemic about 200,000 individuals have now died with the elderly and disabled being over-represented.

This week

It's a year since Freedom Day when on 19th July 2021 the government declared the COVID-19 epidemic in the UK all but over.

This week Independent SAGE looks back over what has happened since:-

About 39,000 more residents of the UK have died with mention of COVID-19 on their death certificate, and patients with COVID-19 have been an increasing burden on NHS hospitals.

The epidemic was not over, but there was little messaging from the new Health Secretary Sajid Javid until December 2021 when the need for booster jabs was announced to combat the Omicron variant.

The NHS remains in crisis with extended waiting times at A and E, long waits for ambulances, ambulances queued outside hospitals, tired staff, and patients having to wait weeks if not months to get their test results.

Adults are suffering less from Omicron than Delta, perhaps because of vaccination, but more children are being admitted to hospital albeit in relatively small numbers.

Independent SAGE think there should be more NHS support for those continuing to suffer from debilitating symptoms of Long COVID particularly children.

According to an Australian source, 28 days after recovering from COVID you could catch it again.

Click for article - how soon can I get COVID again

Because COVID is mutating so fast a new type of vaccine is needed capable of tackling a spectrum of variants..

Independent SAGE has proposed a seven point plan to slow the spread of infections:-

A SEVEN POINT PLAN TO SUPPRESS COVID INFECTIONS AND REDUCE DISRUPTIONS

While COVID circulates at a high level we are warned to expect the unexpected.

Not sure that helps much - one gets the impression the government is standing scientists down assuming the pandemic is over.

COVID video updates

Links to updates by Professor Tim Spector of the Zoe Health Study, Independent SAGE  and pundit Dr John Campbell can be found here:-

Click to watch Zoe Health Study update on 14th July 2022 presented by Tim Spector.

For the first time ever, new daily COVID cases have exceeded 350,000 this week. Tim looks at why this is and who's at highest risk of infection. He also brings the latest update on Zoe's research on menopause symptoms and reveals a surprising correlation with snacking!

Click to watch Independent SAGE update on 22nd July 2022

A review of the past year following the government declaring the pandemic largely over on 19th July 2021, see notes above.

Dr John Campbell speculates on the incredibly high level of infection and what happens next.

List of vaccines

Moderna is developing a new version of its vaccine designed to protect from both Wuhan and Omicron strains.

Here is the updated list of COVID-19 vaccines ordered by the UK. It looks as though the government has settled on the use of Pfizer and Moderna with Astrazeneca now held in reserve.

Moderna has been offered for Spring Boosters at the Three Counties Showground.

The order for Valneva has been cancelled, but nevertheless it has now been approved for use by MHRA.

Click for BBC report - Valneva Covid vaccine approved for use in UK

 Nuvaxoid (Novavax) was approved in February.

 The government has signed deals to buy 114 million additional doses of the Pfizer (54M) and Moderna (60M) vaccines to use in 2022 and 2023.

Click for press announcement - Government agrees new deals to future proof vaccine rollout in light of new variant

The press announcement goes on to say that 60M doses of Novavax vaccine are expected to be delivered in 2022 and 7.5M doses of GSK/Sanofi, so there seems no intention to cancel these late arrivals.

Click for Guardian report - Novavax expected to be become fourth Covid vaccine available in UK

COVID-19 vaccine Doses ordered (million) Status
Pfizer BioNTech, two dose, -70 deg C 40+60+35 Approved, deliveries continuing, made in Belgium (EU). An additional 60M doses have been ordered for booster shots for the most vulnerable in the autumn. A further 35M doses were ordered in August 2021 for delivery in 2022.
Astrazeneca, two dose, fridge 100 Approved for those aged 30+ years; deliveries continuing. Batches made in UK, Belgium and India.
Moderna, two dose, -20 deg C 7+10 Approved. First deliveries to Wales and Scotland 7th April 2021 then England 13th April; mainly for those aged under 50 years awaiting vaccination.
Valneva, two dose 60+40
order
cancelled
A jab from French company Valneva will be made in Livingston, West Lothian, Scotland. Order cancelled September 2021. Delivery had been expected to start in second half of 2021.

Approved by MHRA April 2022.
Janssen, single dose 20 Approved, a jab from Belgian firm Janssen, owned by Johnson and Johnson; UK approval 28th May. Order reduced from 30 to 20M.
Nuvaxovid 60 A jab manufactured by US firm Novavax being made in Stockton-on-Tees UK. Glaxo Smith Kline (GSK) contracted to fill and package vials. Approved by MHRA 3rd Feb 2022. JCVI to advise how vaccine will be used.
GSK Sanofi 60 Some delay due to adjusting the formula to give better protection to the elderly; expected approval and delivery of 7.5M doses in 2022.
Curevac 50 ? Contract placed with German company Feb 2021. Possible source of new variant vaccine; disappointing trial results have resulted in the company working on a second generation vaccine. Future uncertain.

Table of vaccines ordered by the UK government

 

Some of this information is now out of date but provides a historical context to the epidemic.

Information about Coronavirus can be found on the NHS website:

https://www.nhs.uk/coronavirus

 

Symptoms

About COVID symptoms

Note: the list of symptoms was updated on 1st April 2022

Article about the effects of Wuhan Coronavirus on the human body

 

Reporting and how to obtain a test

How to get a test

https://www.nhs.uk/coronavirus

About joining the Zoe COVID Symptom Study:

 https://covid19.joinzoe.com

 

Guidance

UK government Coronavirus guidance

See also - government sets out next steps for living with COVID

COVID-19 Response: Autumn and Winter Plan 2021 for England

UK Health and Security Agency (UKHSA) website

 

COVID Alert states

Guidance on UK COVID-19 alert level methodology: an overview

COVID-19 Alert Level lowered to 3 on 10th May 2021

 

Tiers

Guidance on tiers: what you need to know

Government postcode checker to find tier for other areas

 

Statistics

UK government COVID-19: Omicron daily overview

UK government Coronavirus Dashboard

Coronavirus Dashboard Interactive Map

ONS data on deaths in England and Wales (Excel spreadsheet)

NHS England COVID-19 Daily Deaths

NHS England COVID-19 Hospital Admissions

NHS England vaccination statistics

Reports on COVID intensive care beds - see intensive care national audit and research centre (ICNARC) website

Worcestershire Coronavirus Dashboard

Worcestershire COVID-19 Vaccinations Dashboard

 

HSA COVID-19 vaccine weekly surveillance reports

Information about NHS hospital bed numbers: past, present, future

 

A glimpse of the worldwide vaccination situation can be found on the Our World in Data website.

Click for chart showing % vaccinated

 

Modelling

A forecast of the progression of the COVID-19 epidemic can be found on a University College London (UCL) website.

Click for UCL Long-term forecasting of the COVID-19 epidemic

A projection of the future COVID-19 death toll and daily deaths can be found on The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website. 

Click for IHME projection of COVID-19 deaths

 

Reports

Coronavirus (COVID-19) latest insights by ONS

A live roundup of the latest data and trends about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic from the ONS and other sources.

 

The bigger picture

Worldometer summary of coronavirus cases worldwide

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control info

https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/geographical-distribution-2019-ncov-cases

World Health Organisation info

https://covid19.who.int/

 

Window on the USA

Centre for Disease Control (CDC)

CDC COVID Data Tracker

Find maps and charts tracking cases, deaths, and trends of COVID-19 in the United States.

American Association of Retired People (AARP)

 

Worcestershire

A local summary of COVID data can be found on the Worcestershire Coronavirus Dashboard.

Note 1: use the arrow <> buttons at the bottom of the Dashboard screen to move between pages.

Note 2: the figures for COVID cases are becoming meaningless as testing is run down.

Note 3:  deaths are on page 7, and hospital beds on page 9.

Click for Worcestershire County Council COVID-19 news

There is a colourful webpage offering advice on learning to live with COVID for those aged under 30 years. 'Rona' is slang for Coronavirus.

Click for The Worcestershire 'Rona' Hub

COVID Outbreak Control Plan

Click for Simple Summary of Malvern numbers on the Coronavirus dashboard

 

Miscellaneous

Spanish Flu

Dr Jeff Kildea's commentary about the 1919 outbreak of Spanish Flu in Australia

 

Views of Martin McKee, Professor of European Public Health

Follow Martin McKee on Twitter

Views of Prof Christina Pagel, a member of Independent SAGE

Follow Christina Pagel on Twitter

 

SAGE membership

Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE)

 

Scottish government:

Link to Scottish Government website

Link to Postcode checker for COVID restrictions by protection level in areas of Scotland

 

Welsh Government:

Guidance on COVID alert levels in Wales

 

The Malvern Hills logo

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The interpretations and opinions expressed are our own